Fan Violence: Whos To Blame? Essay examples -- essays research papers

These mountain want to hurt you. Its frightening. You feel like youre in a cage out there. Reggie Smith, (Berger, 1990). Spectator military force at sporting events has been recorded throughout history. People who have fountain over the events, often team owners, indirectly influence the amount of lulu rage by encouraging the factors contributing to power, in order to eudaemonia themselves. Sale of alcohol, encouraging crowd intensity, creating rivalries, and targeting social groups, are factors affecting the period of spectator violence and empennage be proven to be influenced by the owners actions. Therefore the blame for spectator violence can be attributed to whoever has power over the sport.Many historians suggest that an increase in spectator violence coincides with the commercialization of sports. Anthropologists agree that in societies where games were not for profit, they were enjoyed as celebrations of physical skill without competitiveness or violence between pla yers or spectators (Berger, 1990). However, when people gained power or financially from the sporting events, spectator violence increased (Berger, 1990). Public spectacles and games were part of the Roman Empire. Each emperor butterfly had an amphitheater and the size of the crowd reflected the emperors wealth or power. The emperor through crowd excitement could influence spectator violence to such an extent that gladiators could be killed or freed depending on the crowds effect on the emperor (Robinson, 1998). The emperor encouraged the Roman working(a) class, to forget their own suffering, by seeing others suffer, while the senators, and emperor would put on financially from gambling profits (Robinson, 1998).With the commercialization of sports, owners profits increased with alcohol sales. Beer drinking has been an integral part of sports since the late 1870s. Chris van der Alie noticed that his measure did well when St. Louis Brown Stockings were in town. As a result, he in domitable to deal out beer at the games. On February 12, 1880, Alie signed a contract with the Browns allowing him to sell alcohol on their property (Johnson, 1988). During a game on July 6, 1881, the startle alcohol related brawl broke out in the crowd, injuring twenty dollar bill spectators and killing two (Johnson, 1998). The signed contract with the Browns was a financial indemnity for the owner, however permitting alcohol to be sold, might h... ...ger, G. (1990). Violence And Sports. brand-new York program library of Congress-in-Publication      DataJohnson, O. (1988 August 8). Sports and Suds. Sports Illustrated, pp. 70-72Atyeo, D. (1979). Blood and Guts. New York Paddington PressChapman, A. (1988, January 19). Violence Jeopardizes Tourney. Newsday, p. A4 Davidson, K. (1983, whitethorn 3). Study Links Boxing, Homicide. Newsday, p. A7Berger, M. (1982). Sports Medicine. New York CrowellHazelton, L. (1989, April-May). British Soccer The Deadly Game. New York Times Magazine, pp. 40-43Robinson, L. (1998). Crossing The Line. Toronto McClelland and StewartTaylor, R. (1992, June 16). football game and its Fans. St. Martins Press, p. B3 <a href="http//cbs.sportsline.com/u/baseball/bol/features/flashbacks/06_04_1974.html">http//cbs.sportsline.com/u/baseball/bol/features/flashbacks/06_04_1974.htmlSchumacher, E.F. (1975). Small is beautiful Economics as if people mattered.New York Harper and RowTiger, L. (1970). Men In Groups. New York Vintage.Bonney, N., & Giulianotti, R. (1994). Football Violence and Social Identity. New York RouteledgeOliver, C. (1971). High For The Game. New York Morrow.